|
Ian Mikardo (9 July 1908 – 6 May 1993), commonly known as Mik, was a British Labour and Co-operative politician.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Tam Dalyell: ''Mikardo, Ian (1908–1993)'' )〕〔(The New York Times: ''Ian Mikardo, 84, Dies - Led British Labor Party'' 11 May 1993 Accessed 21 August 2014 )〕 An ardent socialist and a Zionist, he remained a backbencher throughout his four decades in the House of Commons. He was a member of National Executive Committee of the Labour Party from 1950–59 and 1960–78, and Chairman of the Labour Party 1970–71. He was also Chairman of the International Committee of the Labour Party 1973-78,〔 Vice-President of the Socialist International (1978–83) and Honorary President (1983–93).〔 Mikardo was a Labour Member of Parliament for Reading 1945–50, Reading South 1950–55, Reading 1955–59, Poplar 1964–74, Bethnal Green and Bow 1974–83 and Bow and Poplar 1983–87. He was Chairman of the House of Commons Select Committee on Nationalised Industries, 1966–70. He issued many pamphlets. Most famous were "Keep Left" (1947) and "Keeping Left" with Dick Crossman, Michael Foot and Jo Richardson, 1950. He was also a Fabian essayist, staunch friend of Israel, as well as friend and mentor to many in the Labour movement, where he made a great impact. ==Early life and family== His parents were Jewish refugees from the Tsarist Empire. His mother, Bluma 'Bloomah' (died 1961 in Hampshire) came from a town called Yampil, Khmelnytskyi Oblast in the Volyn region, of the Western Ukraine. His father, Moshe 'Morris' (died 1940 in Hampshire) came from Kutno, a textile-manufacturing town west of Warsaw.〔 They came to East End of London separately around 1900, and married some years later. They worked as tailors and in 1907 moved to Portsmouth where they were employed repairing uniforms for the Royal Navy. Mikardo was born there in 1908. His brother (Neville) Norman Mikardo (1924–2004), a mechanical engineer, was a Labour Party councillor for Tokyngton Ward of Brent South, from 1978–82.〔(Brent Council Meeting noting the death of Norman Mikado, 2004, Accessed 22 August 2014 )〕 His niece Barbara Tayler (1931–2012) was a publisher, writer and political activist. Mikardo became a surrogate father to her after her father died when she was two years old.〔 (Barbara Tayler obituary in the Guardian 31 January 2012 Accessed 22 August 2014 )〕 When he began school aged three, his lack of English words made him the butt of jokes. His parents spoke Yiddish.〔( Ian Mikardo, East End MP, obituary at East London History Site, c2012 Accessed 22 August 2014 )〕 He attended The Old Beneficiary School〔 (Old Beneficiary School Ghost Hunt Investigation- Portsmouth Hampshire, Accessed 22 August 2014 )〕〔(Beneficiary Ghost Hunt Gallery Accessed 22 August 2013 )〕 known as "The Old Benny", in Portsea, Portsmouth, and the Omega Street School in Portsmouth.〔(Omega Street School, 1881, Now used as an art school, Accessed 22 August 2014 )〕 In 1919, he came top in Portsmouth's pass-list for the eleven plus exam, and went to Portsmouth Southern Grammar School for Boys.〔(Memorials and Monuments in Portsmouth – (The Former) Southern Grammar School, Accessed 22 August 2014 )〕 From the age of eleven he also attended Aria College, a rabbinical seminary.〔(Obituary: Ian Mikardo ''The Independent'' 7 May 1993 Accessed 22 August 2014 )〕 However the life of a cleric was not for him and he transferred to Portsmouth Grammar School. At this time he followed Portsmouth FC and he had an encyclopedic knowledge of all their matches.〔〔(Has anybody actually seen a person with a sandwich board proclaiming: 'The end of the world is nigh'? The Guardian - undated Accessed 22 August 2014 )〕〔 Concerned by injustice and inequality from boyhood, Mikardo was influenced by the works of R. H. Tawney and George Bernard Shaw in his teens. He attended political lectures at various clubs and societies in London in the 1920s, principally amongst the Jewish community. He joined both the Labour Party and Poale Zion, the Zionist Workers' Movement affiiated to the Labour Party. He was already a Zionist, and had given his first public speech at a meeting of the Portsmouth Zionist Society in 1922, aged 13.〔 After leaving school, Mikardo settled in Stepney, where he had a variety of jobs. In 1930 he met Mary (b. 1907), the daughter of Benjamin Rosetsky. They married at Mile End and Bow District synagogue on 3 January 1932, London E3〔(Mile End & Bow District Synagogue Records, Accessed 23 August 2013 )〕 and Mary joined the Labour Party and Poale Zion. They had two daughters by 1936. Mary suffered a heart attack in 1959 which was progressively disabling.〔 She died in Cheshire in 1994, a few months after him. He studied scientific management, but was sceptical and developed his own theories. He became a freelance management consultant and during the Second World War, worked on increasing efficiency in aircraft and armaments manufacturing, principally at Woodley Aerodrome〔(Former Miles Aircraft Factory, Woodley Accessed 23 August 2014 )〕 in Reading. He was treasurer of the World Airways Joint Committee of National Air Communications. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Ian Mikardo」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
|